DMS 104 - Introduction to OB/GYN Sonography

Credits: 2
Instructional Contact Hours: 2

Reviews anatomy and physiology relating to OB/GYN sonography. Explores pathology of the pelvis to include sonographic findings, clinical signs and symptoms, and correlation of other imaging studies. Includes a study of the hormonal cycle, basic embryology and 1^st trimester anatomy and protocol. Also explores 1^st trimester pathology along with sonographic findings and patient clinical signs and symptoms.

Prerequisite(s): DMS 100, DMS 105W, DMS 107, DMS 107L, DMS 108W each with a minimum grade of “B” (3.0)
Corequisite(s): DMS 101W, DMS 103, and DMS 106W.
Lecture Hours: 30 Lab Hours: 0
Meets MTA Requirement: None
Pass/NoCredit: No

Outcomes and Objectives

Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal, non-pregnant female pelvis.
1. Identify normal and relational anatomy to include muscles and ligaments
2. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements
3. Discuss proper scan orientation
4. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges
5. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation
6. Discuss the protocol for a pelvis sonogram
Demonstrate knowledge of the function and appearance of the female uterus and ovaries in relation to the menstrual cycle.
1. Describe the menstrual, proliferative and secretory phases
2. Describe the ovarian cycle in relation to the hormonal cycle
3. Define the following and describe the effect on the female pelvis appearance:
  1. FSH
  2. LH
  3. Estrogen
  4. Progesterone
  5. Pituitary gland
  6. Hypothalamus
4. Describe the function of estrogen, progesterone, LH and FSH
Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the uterus.
1. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes to include:
  1. Endometrial hyperplasia
  2. Endometrial cancer
  3. Leiomyoma
  4. Adenomyosis
  5. Endometrial atrophy
  6. Endometritis
Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the ovaries.
1. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes to include:
  1. Ovarian tumors
  2. Endometriosis
  3. PID
  4. Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD)
  5. Ovarian torsion
  6. Hemorrhagic cyst
2. Describe the functional variances and patient outcome for PCOD
Demonstrate knowledge of basic human reproduction and embryology.
1. Describe the hormonal and ovarian cycle in relationship to fertilization and pregnancy
2. Describe process and timeline after fertilization to implantation
3. Define the following:
  1. Gamete
  2. Zygote
  3. Morula
  4. Blastocyst
  5. Embryo
  6. Fetus
  7. Trophoblast
  8. Implantation
4. Explain the developmental process for the embryo for the first 12 weeks
5. Define the following:
  1. Amnion
  2. Chorion
  3. Yolk sac
  4. Gestational sac
Demonstrate knowledge of pathology in a first trimester pregnancy.
1. List positive and abnormal outcome indicators for a 1st trimester pregnancy
2. List classic signs and symptoms for ectopic pregnancy
3. Explain the following terms:
  1. Blighted ovum
  2. Missed abortion
  3. Incomplete abortion
  4. Retained products
  5. Complete abortion
  6. Threatened abortion
  7. Inevitable abortion
Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal, 1st trimester female pelvis.
1. Identify normal and relational anatomy amnion, chorion and placenta
2. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements
3. Discuss proper scan orientation
4. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges
5. Discuss the protocol for a 1st trimester sonogram
6. Describe a normal GS and yolk sac
Demonstrate knowledge of 1st trimester measuring parameters used for fetal growth and determination of normal pregnancy.
1. Describe the following measurements:
  1. GS
  2. CRL
2. List an approximate age when each of the following should be seen sonographically:
  1. GS
  2. Yolk sac
  3. Embryo
  4. Double decidual sign
Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the role of the sonographer in evaluating scanning protocol modifications based on the sonographic findings and differential diagnosis.
1. Demonstrate ability to recognize indications and contraindications for the exam and exam modification
2. Demonstrate ability to correlate patient history with sonographic findings and make exam modifications as necessary
3. Demonstrate ability to correlate exam findings with patient history to produce a differential list
Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the role of the sonographer in patient management.
1. Demonstrates the ability to take a complete patient history according to the exam ordered
2. Demonstrates the ability to correlate patient history with related imaging, other testing and lab procedures and outcomes