PTA 123W - Pathophysiology IICredits: 2
Introduces acute and chronic pathological conditions resulting from disease or injury that are commonly treated in physical therapy. Prepares the student to perform physical therapy intervention as part of a physical therapist's plan of care, under the direction of the physical therapist.
Prerequisite(s): PTA 101 PTA 101LW PTA 103 PTA 110 PTA 110L PTA 118 PTA 121 ; each with a “C” (2.0) minimum grade in each.
Corequisite(s): PTA 102 PTA 105 PTA 105LW PTA 120 PTA 120L PTA 123LW PTA 124 PTA 125 PTA 125LW
Lecture Hours: 30 Lab Hours: 0
Meets MTA Requirement: None
Pass/NoCredit: No
Outcomes and Objectives 1. Discuss the various types of wounds and burns encountered in the physical therapy setting.
A. Identify the layers and functions of the integumentary system
1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Subcataneous tissue
B. Describe etiology, symptoms, and risk factors for the following:
1. Acute wounds
2. Pressure ulcers
3. Venous insufficiency ulcers
4. Arterial insufficiency ulcers
5. Neuropathic/diabetic ulcers
C. Differentiate betweeen the following types of burns:
1. First degree
2. Second degree superficial
3. Second degree deep
4. Third degree
5. Thermal
6. Chemical
7. Electrical
8. Radiation
2. Discuss appropriate treatment interventions utilized with various wounds and burns encountered in the physical therapy setting.
A. Describe the tissue healing process.
B. List and describe factors that affect the wound and burn healing process.
C. Describe the tools used to document wound and burn progression.
D. Describe the wound staging system.
E. List characteristics of different types of wound dressings.
F. Describe various forms of wound debridement procedures.
G. Differentiate between viable and nonviable tissue.
H. Describe various treatment techniques utilized in wound and burn care.
I. Recognize changes in skin conditions that can lead to wounds.
J. Describe the purposes behind positioning and splinting in burn rehab.
K. Identify precautions for dressing removal.
3. Demonstrate understanding of disease process and the role of physical therapy for common pathological conditions.
A. Research an assigned topic utilizing recent health care literature.
B. Demonstrate knowledge of assigned topic in the form of an oral presentation and a written paper.
C. Participate in presentations as an audience member by asking relevant questions, taking notes, and giving constructive feedback to presenters.
D. Demonstrate understanding of the disease conditions in regards to implications, impact, and medical interventions for patients with these conditions.
E. Discuss the role of physical therapy in patients with these conditions.
F. Discuss MS, ALS, Diabetes, Parkinson’s Disease, Osteoporosis, Fibromyalgia, Guillain-Barre, and Alzheimer’s Disease.
4. Demonstrate entry level knowledge of respiratory anatomy and related disease processes.
A. Describe the anatomy and gross physiology of the respiratory system.
B. Discuss the pathophysiology of the following respiratory diseases: pneumonia, pneumothorax, atelectasis, pleurisy, COPD, emphysema, TB, asthma, and cystic fibrosis
C. Describe the pathway for air exchange from inhalation to exhalation.
D. Identify the anatomical structures that define the upper and lower respiratory tract.
E. Identify the primary and accessory muscles of respiration and their function in the breathing process.
F. Describe the movements of thorax during normal and abnormal conditions.
G. Compare the anatomical differences between inspiration and expiration.
5. Discuss entry level knowledge of chest physical therapy theories and techniques.
A. Observe and describe the general appearance of a patient in terms of vital signs, level of awareness, coloration, breathing, and overall function.
B. Observe various chest shapes related to respiratory diseases.
C. Compare normal and abnormal trunk and chest mobility that affects a patient’s ability to breathe.
D. Compare normal and abnormal breathing patterns including apneusis, apnea, orthopnea, cheyne-stokes, bradypnea, tachypnea, dyspnea, and hyperventilation.
E. Describe various sputum characteristics and potential pathology related to those characteristics.
6: Discuss cardiac disease conditions and the role of the PTA in patient
A. Review cardiac anatomy and circulatory system function.
B. Give an overview and compare/contrast the pathophysiology of the following conditions:
CAD, MI, CHF, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis.
C. Discuss various medical interventions used in the above conditions.
D. Discuss the role of physical therapy in promoting recovery in patients with cardiac disease.
E. Define phase I, II, III of cardiac rehabilitation.
F. Become familiar with various methods of assessing energy expenditure in patients with cardiac disease during aerobic conditioning, strength training, and reconditioning programs.
7. Discuss potential legal and ethical issues pertaining to course content.
A. Describe an appropriate response to each legal/ethical clinical issue discussed in class.
8. Discuss basic pharmacology concepts in the physical therapy setting.
A. Define the three types of drug names: chemical, generic and trade.
B. Demonstrate the ability to research a medication using a book or an electronic device.
C. Describe pharmacokinetic principles including onset, peak, duration, half-life, metabolism and site of excretion.
D. List characteristics and examples of the following:
1. Pain management drugs
2. Seizure managements drugs
3. Depression management drugs
4. Cardiovascular drugs
5. Clot prevention drugs
6. Respiratory drugs
7. Diabetes management drugs
8. Skeletal muscle drugs
9. Recognize common lab values that are encountered in the physical therapy and acute care setting(s).
A. Discuss the meaning of common lab values and vital signs.
B. Identify the normal ranges of common lab values and vital signs: hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, prothrombin time, INR, pH, paCO2, paO2, HCO3-, O2 saturation, WBC count, RBC count, HR, BP, RR, ICP
C. Recognize when a lab value is outside of the normal range and how this will impact the patient
10. Discuss physical therapy in the acute care/ICU settings.
A. Recognize common equipment found in the ICU
B. Recognize the purpose of common equipment in the ICU and the relationship to rehabilitation
C. Understand treatment options to be used with a patient in the ICU
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