DMS 111 - Small Parts and Vascular Sonography

Credits: 2
Instructional Contact Hours: 2

Covers the fundamentals of superficial parts sonography. Presents basic small parts anatomy, as well as proper scanning techniques and protocols for identifying normal and abnormal sonographic patterns. Also looks at basic vascular sonography with emphasis on normal abdominal, lower leg and carotid anatomy, basic pathology, Doppler instrumentation, waveforms and imaging techniques.

Prerequisite(s): DMS 101W , DMS 103 , DMS 104 , and DMS 106W  each with a grade of “B” (3.0) or higher and LW 206A  with a grade of “C” (2.0) or higher.
Corequisite(s): DMS 114 , DMS 115 , DMS 116W , and DMS 117W  
Lecture Hours: 30 Lab Hours: 0
Meets MTA Requirement: None
Pass/NoCredit: No

Outcomes and Objectives

1. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal thyroid and parathyroid glands.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a thyroid and parathyroid sonogram

2. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes to
     include:

            1. Nodular disease

            2. Graves disease

            3. Abnormal function

            4. Tumors of the thyroid and parathyroid

            5. Inflammatory processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable.

3. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the prostate.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a prostate sonogram

4. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the prostate.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal scrotum.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a scrotal sonogram

6. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the scrotum.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable.

7. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal breast.

1. Identify normal and relational anatomy
2. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements
3. Discuss proper scan orientation
4. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges
5. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation
6. Discuss the protocol for a breast sonogram.

8. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the breast.

1. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes
2. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable

9. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal penis.

1. Identify normal and relational anatomy
2. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements
3. Discuss proper scan orientation
4. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges
5. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation
6. Discuss the protocol for a penile sonogram

10. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the penis.

   A.Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

   B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable

11. Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the role of the sonographer in evaluating scanning protocol modifications based on the sonographic findings and differential diagnosis.

1. Demonstrate ability to recognize indications and contraindications for the exam and exam modification
2. Demonstrate ability to correlate patient history with sonographic findings and make exam modifications as necessary
3. Demonstrate ability to correlate exam findings with patient history to produce a differential list

12. Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the role of the sonographer in patient management.

1. Demonstrates the ability to take a complete patient history according to the exam ordered
2. Demonstrates the ability to correlate patient history with related imaging, other testing and lab procedures and outcomes

13. Demonstrate knowledge of basic Doppler techniques and functions.

A. Describe the components of a Doppler waveform
B. List the function for Doppler applications to include:

1.    Gain
2.    Scale
3.    Filter
4.    Cursor and gate
5.    Angle correct
6.    Color maps
7.    Steering
8.    RI, PI, S/D, and RAR formulas
9.    Turbulent flow

14.    Demonstrate knowledge of normal anatomy and sonographic appearance for the carotid artery.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy
B. Discuss transducer and equipment requirements
C. Discuss proper scan orientation
D. Identify normal Doppler waveforms
E. Discuss the protocol for a carotid artery Doppler

15.    Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to waveform appearances for the carotid artery.

A. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with stenosis
B. Describe plaque and corresponding sonographic findings
C. Describe the ICA / CCA ratio

16.    Demonstrate knowledge of normal anatomy and sonographic appearance for lower extremity vessels.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy
B. Discuss transducer and equipment requirements
C. Discuss proper scan orientation
D. Identify normal Doppler waveforms
E. Discuss the protocol for lower extremity Doppler

17.    Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to waveform appearances for lower extremity vessels.

A. Define thrombus
B. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with thrombus
C. Describe plaque and corresponding sonographic findings
D  Describe the ICA / CCA ratio

18.    Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and sonographic appearances of normal abdominal vessels.

A. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements
B. Discuss proper scan orientation
C. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges
D. Identify normal and relational anatomy for the following abdominal vessels:

1.    Aorta
2.    IVC
3.    Hepatic veins
4.    Portal venous system
5.    SMA, IMA
6.    Celiac
7.    Hepatic artery
8.    Renal arteries and veins

E. Identify normal waveform appearances for abdominal vessels

19.    Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to waveform appearances for abdominal vessels.

A. Define aneurysm
B. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with aneurysm
C. Define stenosis
D. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with stenosis
E. Describe mesenteric ischemia and the vascular sonographic findings

20.    Demonstrate knowledge of abdominal organ transplants as related to sonographic imaging.

A. Discuss renal transplantation and corresponding anastomoses
B. Discuss the protocol for renal transplant sonogram
C. Describe a basic renal transplant protocol
D. Describe sonographic findings for renal transplant rejection
E. Discuss liver transplantation and corresponding anastomoses
F. List complications for abdominal organ transplants with sonographic findings

21.    Demonstrates understanding of the role of the sonographer in evaluating scanning protocol modifications based on the sonographic findings and differential diagnosis.

A. Demonstrate ability to recognize indications and contraindications for the exam and exam modification
B. Demonstrate ability to correlate patient history with sonographic findings and make exam modifications as necessary
C. Demonstrate ability to correlate exam findings with patient history to produce a differential list

22.    Demonstrates understanding of the role of the sonographer in patient management.

A. Demonstrates the ability to take a complete patient history according to the exam ordered

B. Demonstrates the ability to correlate patient history with related imaging, other testing and lab procedures and outcomes