DH 114 - Oral Health

1. Differentiate the components, stages, and effects of biofilm formation on the human dentition. 
   1. State the components, types, and significance of Acquired Pellicle.
   2. Describe the stages of biofilm formation.
   3. Distinguish the types of organisms found during the various stages of biofilm formation.
   4. List the percentages for various components found in biofilm.
   5. Explain the difference between an organic and inorganic element.
   6. Identify the various locations where biofilm occurs in the oral cavity.
   7. List methods used to detect biofilm.
   8. Describe gingival changes during the stages of biofilm formation.
   9. Explain the significance of Materia Alba.
   10. Summarize the dental caries process.
   11. Explain the role of saliva, fluoride and xylitol in remineralization
   12. Describe the purpose of sealants
2. Demonstrate the use of disclosing agents for patient education.
   1. List the purposes of using a disclosing agent.
   2. Identify the appropriate time of an appointment a disclosing agent would be most beneficial for patient education.
   3. Describe the value in reading the label or the product pamphlet on the disclosing agent prior to patient use.
   4. Identify the name, location and ingredients of the specific disclosing agent used in the clinic.
   5. List the armamentarium needed to perform a biofilm score.
   6. Defend the use of a nonpetroleum -base jelly product when using a disclosing agent.
   7. Summarize the steps of applying a liquid disclosing agent vs. a chewable disclosing tablet.
   8. Demonstrate the use of a liquid disclosing agent
3. Compare the motivational impact of recording biofilm scores.
   1. Discuss the importance of recording a biofilm score (index, indices).
   2. Defend the O'Leary and/or Grant methods of recording a biofilm score in terms of motivational change.
4. Analyze various oral conditions of a patient to properly select a toothbrush and toothbrush method applying motivational interviewing techniques to modify inappropriate oral care practices of a patient.
   1. Demonstrate how to select an appropriate manual or power toothbrush based on patient needs.
   2. Demonstrate effective teaching strategies to correct inappropriate brushing methods.
   3. Identify appropriate brushing methods for various oral conditions.
   4. Demonstrate how to teach a patient tongue cleaning.
   5. Identify oral conditions caused by incorrect toothbrushing.
   6. Explain how to care for, store, and replace a toothbrush/power brush to a patient.
   7. Explain the methods of motivational interviewing
   8. Describe the importance of partnering with the patient to develop a plan for change using motivational interviewing methods
5. Explain why dentifrice is utilized in the oral cavity.
   1. Identify and define the active and inactive components in dentifrices.
   2. Identify the reasons for using dentifrices in the oral cavity
   3. Explain the mechanism of action for preventive and therapeutic agents in dentifrices.
6. Explain the function of the FDA, ADA, CSA in relation to dentifrice.
   1. Discuss the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the purpose of the FDA related to dentifrice.
   2. Explain the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance program and purpose related to dentifrice.
   3. Identify the CSA (Council on Scientific Affairs) in relation to dentifrice.
7. Demonstrate the use of auxiliary aids based on their purpose.
   1. Demonstrate appropriate auxiliary aids for embrasures.
   2. Demonstrate  appropriate auxiliary aids for furcations.
   3. Identify oral conditions for use of an oral irrigator
   4. Identify the benefits of using an oral irrigator.
   5. Demonstrate proper selection and placement of an oral irrigator tip.
8. Categorize mouthrinses based on various agents, mechanism of action and contraindications
   1. State the purposes and uses of a mouthrinse
   2. Identify the active and inactive components in mouthrinses
   3. Explain the mechanism of action for preventive and therapeutic agents in mouthrinses
   4. State the contraindications for various mouthrinses
   5. State the steps for the procedure of rinsing
9. Categorize over-the-counter (OTC), prescription and/or professionally applied fluoride therapy based on patient need.
   1. Differentiate the mechanism of action between systemic and topical fluoride
   2. Explain the process of demineralization and remineralization.
   3. Recognize the appearance of dental fluorosis.
   4. Summarize fluoride compounds, including benefits, effects, frequency of application, solution concentration and method of application.
   5. Summarize pre and post-operative instructions for a professional fluoride treatment. 
   6. Summarize the benefits of fluoride based on scientific evidence 
   7. Explain reasons to examine the patient’s oral cavity after a professionally applied fluoride treatment.
   8. State the signs and symptoms of an acute dose
   9. State the signs and symptoms of emergency treatment
10. Demonstrate biofilm removal/maintenance for fixed and removable dental prostheses.
    1. Describe the types and components of fixed and removable dental prostheses.
    2. Demonstrate use of brushes/auxiliary aids for biofilm removal of fixed dental prostheses.
    3. Identify fixed/removable dental prostheses and the components on lab models.
    4. Demonstrate professional cleaning of a removable dental prostheses.
    5. Demonstrate personal cleaning of removable prostheses.
    6. Describe a hygienist’s role in educating a patient who requires complete or partial rehabilitation.
    7. Explain causes and prevention of denture-induced oral lesions.
    8. Explain the purpose of a denture adhesive. 
    9. Describe precautions when performing daily maintenance of a removable dental prostheses.
    10. Compare commercial cleaners and home products for cleaning appliances.
    11. State the main objectives for complete rehabilitation of a patient’s oral cavity.
    12. Explain the inclusion of therapeutic/preventive agents for patients with retained natural teeth
11. Summarize the role of the Registered Dental Hygienist for patients undergoing cancer treatment.
    1. State the etiology of cancer.
    2. List the predisposing factors to oral cancer.
    3. State the percentage of oral cancer that is squamous cell in nature.
    4. List the most common sites for intraoral carcinoma.
    5. State the most common site for intraoral carcinoma on a man, a woman and identify the most commonly involved salivary gland.
    6. Explain what is meant by the five-year cure rate.
    7. List and explain the effects of radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery on oral cancer patients.
    8. Explain the need for proper dental and dental hygiene treatment planning for cancer patients.
    9. Summarize the oral care protocol during cancer treatment
    10. Identify from slides the oral conditions from radiation and chemotherapy.
    11. List the objectives of a dental hygiene care plan for a patient prior to cancer treatment.
12. Summarize the role of the Registered Dental Hygienist for patients having surgery.
    1. Explain the role of the dental hygienist in the pre- and post-surgical care of the oral and maxillofacial patient.
    2. Summarize pre- and post-surgical care planning for the maxillofacial surgery patient
    3. Explain why written instructions are beneficial for surgery patients.
    4. Identify types of maxillary and mandibular fractures and discuss basic treatment options.
    5. Describe modifications for dental hygiene treatment, diet, and personal oral care procedures needed after maxillofacial surgery.
    6. Explain dental hygiene care needed before and after general surgery.
13. Describe an implant
    1. Describe the different types of implants
    2. Differentiate between osseointegration and fibrous encapsulation
    3. State the purpose of the biological (permucosal) seal
    4. Identify the various parts of an implant.
14. Demonstrate appropriate biofilm control techniques for various implant prostheses.
    1. Demonstrate use of auxiliary aids on various implants.
    2. List and describe basic criteria for implant success.
    3. Outline the steps for a continuing care appointment for a patient with an implant.
    4. Explain criteria for patient selection in treatment planning an implant.
15. Summarize aftercare and complications of various oral piercings.
    1. Distinguish the types of oral piercings
    2. List the characteristics of quality oral jewelry.
    3. Educate the patient regarding complications of oral piercings.
    4. Summarize adequate aftercare for a piercing.
    5. Identify the attributes of a professional piercer.