PTA 123W - Pathophysiology II

1. Explain the inflammatory response in the human body.
   1. Discuss the signs and symptoms of inflammation and the etiology of those signs and symptoms.
   2. List the causes of inflammation.
   3. Compare and contrast the various physical agents utilized in response to an inflammatory response.
2. Discuss the various types of wounds and burns encountered in the physical therapy setting.
   1. Identify the layers and functions of the integumentary system:
      1. Epidermis
      2. Dermis
      3. Subcutaneous tissue
   2. Describe etiology, symptoms, and risk factors for the following:
      1. Acute wounds
      2. Pressure ulcers
      3. Venous insufficiency ulcers
      4. Arterial insufficiency ulcers
      5. Neuropathic/diabetic ulcers
   3. Differentiate between the following types of burns:
      1. Superficial burn
      2. Superficial partial-thickness burn
      3. Deep partial-thickness burn
      4. Full-thickness burn
      5. Subdermal burn
      6. Thermal
      7. Chemical
      8. Electrical
      9. Radiation
3. Discuss appropriate treatment interventions utilized with various wounds and burns encountered in the physical therapy setting.
   1. Describe the tissue healing process.
   2. Identify factors that affect the wound and burn healing process.
   3. Compare the tools used to document wound and burn progression.
   4. Discuss the wound staging system.
   5. Compare characteristics of different types of wound dressings.
   6. Describe various forms of wound debridement procedures.
   7. Differentiate between viable and nonviable tissue.
   8. Describe various treatment techniques utilized in wound and burn care.
   9. Identify changes in skin conditions that can lead to wounds.
   10. Describe the purposes behind positioning and splinting in burn rehab.
   11. Identify precautions for dressing removal.
4. Describe respiratory related disease processes.
   1. Describe the anatomy and gross physiology of the respiratory system.
   2. Discuss the pathophysiology of the following respiratory diseases:  pneumonia, pneumothorax, atelectasis, pleurisy, COPD, emphysema, TB, asthma, and cystic fibrosis
   3. Outline the pathway for air exchange from inhalation to exhalation.
   4. Identify the anatomical structures that define the upper and lower respiratory tract.
   5. Identify the primary and accessory muscles of respiration and their function in the breathing process.
   6. Describe the movements of thorax during normal and abnormal conditions.
   7. Compare the anatomical differences between inspiration and expiration.
5. Examine chest physical therapy theories and techniques.
   1. Interpret the general appearance of a patient in terms of vital signs, level of awareness, coloration, breathing, and overall function.
   2. Compare various chest shapes related to respiratory diseases.
   3. Explain how normal and abnormal trunk and chest mobility that affects a patient’s ability to breathe.
   4. Compare normal and abnormal breathing patterns.
   5. Describe various sputum characteristics and potential pathology related to those characteristics.
6. Discuss cardiac disease conditions and the role of the PTA in patient recovery.
   1. Review cardiac anatomy and circulatory system function.
   2. Examine the pathophysiology of the following conditions: CAD, MI, CHF, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis.
   3. Identify various medical interventions used in the above conditions.
   4. Discuss the role of physical therapy in promoting recovery in patients with cardiac disease.
   5. Define phase I, II, and III of cardiac rehabilitation.
   6. Identify various methods of assessing energy expenditure in patients with cardiac disease during aerobic conditioning, strength training, and reconditioning programs.
7. Discuss basic pharmacology concepts in the physical therapy setting.
   1. Define the three types of drug names: chemical, generic and trade.
   2. Locate and classify a medication using a book or an electronic device.
   3. Describe pharmacokinetic principles including onset, peak, duration, half-life, metabolism and site of excretion.
   4. Explain characteristics and identify examples of the following:
      1. Pain management drugs
      2. Seizure managements drugs
      3. Depression management drugs
      4. Cardiovascular drugs
      5. Clot prevention drugs
      6. Respiratory drugs
      7. Diabetes management drugs
      8. Skeletal muscle drugs
8. Define common lab values that are encountered in the physical therapy and acute care setting(s).
   1. Discuss the meaning of common lab values and vital signs.
   2. Identify the normal ranges of common lab values and vital signs.
   3. Recognize when a lab value is outside of the normal range and how this will impact the patient
9. Discuss the role of physical therapy in the acute care/ICU settings.
   1. Identify common equipment found in the ICU.
   2. Explain the purpose of common equipment in the ICU and its relationship to rehabilitation.
   3. Examine treatment options to be used with a patient in the ICU.
10. Identify how the unique attributes of a diverse population may impact patient care in physical therapy.
    1. Spend time with one or members of an assigned diverse population.
    2. Develop a written reflection paper about the experience.
11. Discuss potential legal or ethical issues.
    1. Describe an appropriate response to each legal/ethical clinical issue discussed in class.