RT 207 - Cardiopulmonary PathophysiologyCredits: 3
Instructional Contact Hours: 3
Presents the cause, clinical presentation, and treatment of common cardiopulmonary diseases.
Prerequisite(s): RT 150 with a minimum grade of "C"
Corequisite(s): RT 212 , RT 214 , RT 216 , RT 226 , RT 229 , RT 231
Lecture Hours: 45 Lab Hours: 0
Meets MTA Requirement: None
Pass/NoCredit: No
Outcomes and Objectives 1. Demonstrate an understanding of the etiology of spinal deformities.
A. Explain the Etiology of:
1. Kyphoscoliosis
2. Chest Trauma
B. Describe the major pathologic changes associated with
1. Kyphoscoliosis
2. Chest Trauma (a. Chest wall injuries, b. Lung injuries, c. Cardiovascular injuries, d.Diaphragmatic injuries, e. Delayed complications)
C. Describe the clinical presentation of:
1. Kyphoscoliosis
2. Chest Trauma
D. Explain the treatment or management of:
1. Kyphoscoliosis
2. Chest Trauma
2. Demonstrate an understanding of transudate and exudate.
A. Distinguish between a transudate and an exudate.
B. Explain the etiology of a:
1. Transudative effusion
2. Exudative effusion
3. Empyema
4. Chylothorax
5. Hemothorax
C. Describe the major pathologic changes associated with pleural effusion.
D. Describe the clinical presentation associated with pleural effusion.
E. Describe the treatment of pleural effusion.
F. Explain the classification of pneumothorax.
G. Describe the etiology of pneumothorax.
H. Describe the major pathologic changes associated with pneumothorax.
I. Describe the clinical presentation associated with pneumothorax.
J. Describe the treatment of pneumothorax.
3. Demonstrate an understanding of respiratory distress.
A. Describe various causes of airway obstruction.
B. Define:
1. C.O.P.D.
2. Chronic bronchitis
3. Emphysema
4. Bronchiectasis
C. Describe the etiology of:
1. Chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma
4. Bronchiectasis
D. List the normal levels of serum alpha1 protease inhibitor.
E. Characterize serum alpha1 protease inhibitor levels by phenotype.
F. Describe the pathophysiology of:
1. Chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma
4. Bronchiectasis
G. Describe the two classifications of emphysema:
1. Panlobular
2. Centrilobular
H. Describe the clinical presentation of:
1. Chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma
4. Bronchiectasis
I. Based on clinical features, distinguish between:
1. Chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma
4. Bronchiectasis
J. Describe the management of:
1. Chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma
4. Bronchiectasis
4. Demonstrate an understanding of pneumonia.
A. Describe the various etiological factors associated with pneumonia.
B. Describe the features that characterize the various etiological factors.
C. Identify the treatment for the various etiological factors.
D. Explain the pathophysiology associated with pneumonia.
E. Describe the clinical presentation associated with pneumonia.
F. Describe the management of patients with pneumonia.
G. Explain the term "atypical pneumonia."
5. Demonstrate an understanding of neuromuscular disorders.
A. For each of the following:
1. Guillian-Barre Syndrome describe the: Incidence, Prevalence, Typical onset, Etiology, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Clinical presentation, Management
2. Myasthenia Gravis describe the: Incidence, Prevalence, Typical onset, Etiology, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Clinical presentation, Management
B. State the infectious agents associated with Guillian-Barre Syndrome.
C. Characterize and describe the clinical presentation of the following muscular or neuromuscular diseases/disorders:
1. Diaphragmatic paralysis
2. Spinal disorders
3. Botulism
4. Tetanus
5. Muscular dystrophy
6. Demonstrate an understanding of ARDS.
A. Identify the risk factors associated with ARDS.
B. Describe the pathophysiology of ARDS.
C. Describe the role each of the following plays in the pathophysiology of ARDS:
1. Neutrophils
2. Complement
3. Leukotrienes
4. O2 Radicals
5. Tumor necrosis factor
6. Surfactant deficiency
D. Describe the typical clinical course of ARDS.
E. Describe the clinical presentation of ARDS.
F. Explain the management of ARDS, including:
1. Mechanical ventilation
2. Fluid balance
3. Corticosteroids
G. Identify complications associated with ARDS.
7. Demonstrate an understanding of Asbestosis, Silicosis, and Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis.
A. Describe the etiology of the following diseases:
1. Asbestosis
2. Silicosis
3. Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis
B. Describe the pathophysiology of the following diseases:
1. Asbestosis
2. Silicosis
3. Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis
C. Describe the clinical presentation of the following diseases:
1. Asbestosis
2. Silicosis
3. Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis
D. Describe the management of the following diseases:
1. Asbestosis
2. Silicosis
3. Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis
8. Demonstrate an understanding of pulmonary embolism.
A. Describe the etiology and pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism.
B. Describe the clinical presentation of pulmonary embolism with and without infarction.
C. Explain the differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
D. Describe the mortality associated with pulmonary embolism.
E. Describe the management of pulmonary embolism including:
1. Prophylactic therapy
2. Treatment of an embolus: a. 02, b. Analgesics, c. Vasoactive medications,d.
Anticoagulants, e. Thrombolytic agents, f. Surgery
9. Demonstrate an understanding of ischemic heart disease and failure.
A. Describe the etiology of ischemic heart disease.
B. Describe the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease.
C. Describe the major risk factors of ischemic heart disease.
D. Describe the clinical presentation of ischemic heart disease.
E. Describe the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
F. Describe the etiology of heart failure.
G. Describe the pathophysiology of heart failure.
H. Describe the clinical presentation of heart failure.
I. Describe the treatment of heart failure.
10. Demonstrate an understanding of smoke inhalation and burn
A. Describe the following for smoke inhalation and burn injuries:
1. Etiology
2. Pathophysiology
3. Clinical presentation
4. Respiratory care
5. Other treatment
11. Demonstrate an understanding of near drowning.
A. Define:
1. Drowning
2. Near drowning
B. Describe the following for a near drowning:
1. Pathophysiology
2. Clinical presentation
3. Initial assessment
4. Respiratory care
5. Other treatment
12. Demonstrate an understanding of lung cancer.
A. Describe the following of lung cancer:
1. Etiology
2. Pathology
3. Clinical presentation
4. Diagnosis
5. Treatment
6. Prognosis
13. Demonstrate an understanding of postoperative atelectasis.
A. Describe the following for postoperative atelectasis:
1. Etiology
2. Pathophysiology
3. Clinical presentation
4. Respiratory care
14. Demonstrate an understanding of sleep apnea.
A. Define:
1. Sleep apnea
2. Sleep hypopnea
3. Respiratory disturbance index
4. Upper airway resistance syndrome
5. Central sleep apnea
6. Mixed apnea
B. Describe the following of sleep apnea:
1. The changes in breathing pattern seen in REM and NREM sleep.
2. Pathophysiology
3. Clinical Presentation
4. Treatment
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