DMS 111 - Advanced Sonographic Imaging I

Credits: 2
Instructional Contact Hours: 2

Covers the fundamentals of superficial parts sonography. Presents basic small parts anatomy, as well as proper scanning techniques and protocols for identifying normal and abnormal sonographic patterns. Also looks at basic vascular sonography with emphasis on normal abdominal, lower leg and carotid anatomy, basic pathology, Doppler instrumentation, waveforms and imaging techniques.

Prerequisite(s): DMS 101W , DMS 103 , DMS 104 , and DMS 106W  each with a grade of “B” (3.0) or higher and LW 206A  with a grade of “C” (2.0) or higher.
Corequisite(s): DMS 114 , DMS 115 , DMS 116W , and DMS 117W  
Lecture Hours: 30 Lab Hours: 0
Meets MTA Requirement: None
Pass/NoCredit: No

Outcomes and Objectives  

1. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal thyroid and parathyroid glands.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a thyroid and parathyroid sonogram

2. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes to include:

            1. Nodular disease

            2. Graves disease

            3. Abnormal function

            4. Tumors of the thyroid and parathyroid

            5. Inflammatory processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable.

3. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal scrotum.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a scrotal sonogram

4. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the scrotum.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal breast.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a breast sonogram.

6. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the breast.

A. Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable

7. Demonstrate knowledge of physiology, anatomy and sonographic appearances of the normal penis.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy

B. Discuss transducer design and equipment requirements

C. Discuss proper scan orientation

D. Describe how to take measurements and indicate normal ranges

E. Discuss physiology as it relates to sonographic imaging and interpretation

F. Discuss the protocol for a penile sonogram

8. Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to sonographic appearance for the penis.

        A.Describe the sonographic findings for pathology and disease processes

        B. Describe Doppler techniques and applications where applicable

9. Demonstrate knowledge of basic Doppler techniques and functions.

A. Describe the components of a Doppler waveform
B. List the function for Doppler applications to include:

1.    Gain
2.    Scale
3.    Filter
4.    Cursor and gate
5.    Angle correct
6.    Color maps
7.    Steering
8.    RI, PI, S/D, and RAR formulas
9.    Turbulent flow

10.    Demonstrate knowledge of normal anatomy and sonographic appearance for the carotid artery.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy
B. Discuss transducer and equipment requirements
C. Discuss proper scan orientation
D. Identify normal Doppler waveforms
E. Discuss the protocol for a carotid artery Doppler

11.    Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to waveform appearances for the carotid artery.

A. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with stenosis
B. Describe plaque and corresponding sonographic findings
C. Describe the ICA / CCA ratio

12.    Demonstrate knowledge of normal anatomy and sonographic appearance for lower extremity vessels.

A. Identify normal and relational anatomy
B. Discuss transducer and equipment requirements
C. Discuss proper scan orientation
D. Identify normal Doppler waveforms
E. Discuss the protocol for lower extremity Doppler

13.    Demonstrate knowledge of pathology and its correlation to waveform appearances for lower extremity vessels.

A. Define thrombus
B. Discuss Doppler waveforms for vessels with thrombus
C. Describe plaque and corresponding sonographic findings
D  Describe the ICA / CCA ratio

14.    Demonstrates understanding of the role of the sonographer in evaluating scanning protocol modifications based on the sonographic findings and differential diagnosis.

A. Recognize indications and contraindications for the exam and exam modification
B. Correlate patient history with sonographic findings and make exam modifications as necessary
C. Correlate exam findings with patient history to produce a differential list

15.    Demonstrates understanding of the role of the sonographer in patient management.

A. Take a complete patient history according to the exam ordered

B. Demonstrates the ability to correlate patient history with related imaging, other testing and lab procedures and outcomes

16. Demonstrate knowledge in image interpretation and case analysis

A.  Demonstrate the use of appropriate sonographic terms to describe pathology

B.  Analyze a sonographic case to determine pathology differentials

C. Identify key pathology differentials based on patient clinical data and sonographic findings

17. Demonstrate knowledge of emergency ultrasound scanning techniques and protocols

A. Define FAST and RUSH exams and their application to emergency sonography

B. List healthcare workers who perform FAST exams

C. Describe how an emergency sonogram differs from a conventional exam performed in an ultrasound department

D. Describe a protocol for the FAST exam

18.  Demonstrate knowledge of basic invasive procedures using ultrasound guidance.

1. Describe transducer selection, equipment and protocols for invasive procedures
2. List types of invasive procedures
3. Describe the types of biopsies done in the imaging department
4. Describe proper OR technique
5. List OR sonography procedures and applications

19.  Demonstrate knowledge of portal system scanning and imaging.

1. Obtain a Doppler sample of the portal vein
2. Determine if portal vein flow is hepatopetal or hepatofugal
3. Obtain a Doppler sample of the IVC
4. Obtain a Doppler sample of the splenic vein

20.  Demonstrate knowledge of mesentery vessel scanning and imaging.

1. Obtain a Doppler sample of the proximal and distal SMA
2. Obtain a Doppler sample of the proximal and distal celiac artery