RAD 150L - Radiographic Procedures 2 Lab

Credits: 1.5
Instructional Contact Hours: 2

1. Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and positioning for procedures of the abdomen.    

A.  Identify all organs of the digestive system including each organ of the alimentary canal and all accessory organs

B. Explain the physiology of the digestive system.

2.  Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and positioning for procedures of contrast studies
     of the upper gastrointestinal system.

A.    Describe the variations of stomach positions on each specific body habitus.
B.    List and describe the common radiolucent and radiopaque contrast media   
        necessary to visualize the gastrointestinal system.
C.    Describe the patient preparation, room preparation, and the fluoroscopic
        procedure for an esophagram and an upper GI series.
D.    Identify optional positions or projections, central ray location, direction and
       angulation of the central ray, if necessary, and anatomy best demonstrated on
       an esophagram and for an upper GI series.
E.    Describe patient preparation, room preparation, and the fluoroscopic procedure
       for an upper GI series.
F.    Given several radiographs of the upper alimentary canal, describe the anatomy
       best visualized, determine the position or projection, discriminate between
       acceptable and unacceptable radiographs, and describe how any positioning or
       technical error could be corrected to give a satisfactory result.
G.   Position correctly each basic or routine projection or position for an
       esophagram and for an upper GI series.
H.   Discuss pathologic conditions affecting the upper gastrointestinal system

3. Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and positioning for contrast studies involving the
    lower gastrointestinal system.

A.    Describe three divisions of the small intestine.
B.    Locate various parts of the small intestine and large intestine according to
       quadrant.
C.    Describe the function, location, and pertinent anatomy of the small and large
        bowel.
D.    Describe the characteristics, which differentiate the large intestine from the
        small intestine.
E.    Explain common clinical indicators for a small bowel series and for a barium
        enema exam.
F.    Identify two important contraindications to contrast media studies of the
       intestinal tract.
G.    Identify the basic positions or projections, central ray location, and direction of
       central ray, and anatomy best demonstrated on the radiographic examination
       termed small bowel series.
H.    Describe the purpose and the methodology for the enterolysis procedure and
        the intubation method of small bowel study.
I.    Describe three specific types of radiographic procedures of the lower GI.
J.    List five patient safety concerns that should be followed during a barium enema
       procedure.
K.    Identify basic and optional positions or projections, central ray location,
       direction and angulation of central ray, if necessary, and anatomy best
       visualized on both the single contrast and the double contrast barium enema.
L.    Given radiographs of the lower gastrointestinal canal, describe the anatomy
       best visualized, determine the position or projection, discriminate between
       acceptable and unacceptable radiographs, and describe how any positioning or
       technical error could be corrected to produce a diagnostic result.
M.    Position correctly each basic and optional projection or position for a small
        bowel series and for a barium enema.
N.    Discuss pathologic conditions affecting the lower gastrointestinal system.

4. Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and positioning of contrast studies involving the
    gall bladder and biliary system.

A.    Describe the function of the liver and the gallbladder as applicable to
        radiographic study.
B.    Name and describe each portions of the biliary duct system, and be able to
        trace bile from the liver to the gallbladder to the duodenum.
C.    Locate the usual gallbladder location according to body habitus.
D.    Identify on drawings and radiographs, all anatomy of the biliary system.
E.    Differentiate between and describe intravenous cholangiography, percutaneous
       transhepatic cholangiography, operative or immediate cholangiography, and
       T-tube (delayed) or post-operative cholangiography.
F.    Given various radiographs of the biliary system, determine the position or
       projection, discriminate between acceptable and unacceptable radiographs,
       and describe how any positioning or technical error could be corrected to give a
       diagnostic result. Position correctly the basic positions for biliary examinations.
G.    Discuss pathologic conditions affecting the biliary system.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of anatomy and positioning for contrast studies involving the
    urinary system.

A.    Identify the location and pertinent anatomy of the adrenal glands, kidneys,
       ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
B.    Describe the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the kidneys.
C.    Describe the orientation of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder with
        respect to the peritoneum.
D.    Identify essential patient history prior to injection of an iodinated contrast
        medium.
E.    Describe the basic preparations necessary prior to any injection of contrast
       medium.
F.    Differentiate between mild, moderate, and severe reactions to injected contrast
       media, and list several examples of each.
G.    List seven basic questions to ask each patient prior to injection of an iodinated
       contrast medium.
H.    Describe the purpose of excretory urography.
I.     List clinical indications for excretory urography.
J.    List contraindications to excretory urography and list high risk patient conditions
       to excretory urography.
K.    Describe the correct method for instillation of contrast medium during a
       cystogram and list its indication.
L.    Identify on drawings and radiographs, all anatomy of the urinary system.
M.   Identify the basic positions or projections, central ray location, direction and
       angulation of central ray, if necessary, and anatomy best visualized by the
       various forms of excretory urography, retrograde urography, cystography,
       ureterography, and voiding cystourethrography.
N.    Position correctly each basic position for the examinations of the urinary
        system.
O.    Given various radiographs of the urinary tract, determine the position or
        projection, discriminate between acceptable and unacceptable radiographs,
        and describe how any positioning or technical error could be corrected to give
        a diagnostic result.
P.    Discuss pathologic conditions affecting the urinary system.

6. Demonstrate knowledge and skills to perform venipuncture.

A.    Identify the antecubital vein used for IV injection.
B.    Demonstrate the procedure used for venipuncture
C.    Explain extravasation
D.    Discuss universal precautions as they relate to performing venipuncture
E.    Explain the method for charting medications         
F.    Demonstrate basic knowledge concerning special contrast studies below:

1.    Hysterosalpingogram
2.    Arthrogram
3.    Myelogram
4.    Sialogram