DMS 103 - Introduction to Abdominal Sonography

1. Understand structure, orientation, and sonographic appearance of the liver.
   1. Describe the location of the liver relating to other body parts.
   2. Identify and describe the vasculature of the liver.
   3. Identify with the correct terminology the ligaments, segments, and fissures of the liver.
   4. Describe the sonographic appearance of the liver.
   5. Define key words relating to the liver in sonography.
2. Understand structure, orientation, and sonographic appearance of the biliary system and pancreas.
   1. Describe the gross anatomy of the biliary system and pancreas.
   2. Explain the basic function of the biliary system and pancreas.
   3. Recognize the sonographic appearance of the biliary system and pancreas.
   4. Identify other imaging modalities that might be used to evaluate the biliary system and pancreas.
   5. List the epigastric vessels that surround the pancreas.
   6. Explain the blood supply to the pancreas.
   7. Describe the sonography of the pancreas in longitudinal and transverse planes using vascular landmarks.
   8. Define key words relating to the biliary system and pancreas in sonography.
3. Understand structure, orientation, and sonographic appearance to the 
   1. Explain the function of the urinary system.
   2. Identify the location of the kidneys, urinary bladder, and urethra.
   3. Describe the size and structure of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
   4. Recognize the sonographic appearance of the urinary system.
   5. Define key words relating to the urinary system in sonography.
4. Understand structure, orientation, and sonographic appearance of the spleen and GI system.  
   1. Explain the function of the spleen.
   2. Identify the location of the spleen.
   3. Define size relationships of the spleen.
   4. Describe the sonographic appearance of the normal spleen.
   5. Differentiate the structures of the GI tract.
   6. Identify 5 principle layers of bowel.
   7. Know the vasculature of the GI tract.
   8. Describe the location of the GI components.
   9. Recognize the sonographic appearance of the GI tract components.
   10. Define key words relating to the spleen and GI tract in sonography.
5. Understand structure, orientation, and the sonographic appearance of the aorta, inferior vena cava, and portal venous system.
   1. Discuss the embryologic development of the aorta and its major branches.
   2. Describe the normal course, location, and size of the aorta.
   3. Identify the layers of an artery.
   4. Describe the location of the aortic and IVC branches and the organs supplied by those branches.
   5. Explain the function of the aorta and IVC.
   6. Recognize the sonographic appearance of the aorta and IVC and their branches.
   7. Define key words relating to the aorta and IVC in sonography.
6. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the liver.    
   1. Outline normal anatomic structure of the liver.
   2. Describe hepatic circulation.
   3. Recognize developmental and congenital anomalies of the liver.
   4. Differentiate between different infectious diseases of the liver and correlate with sonographic imaging.
   5. Identify vascular abnormalities of the liver.
   6. Differentiate between benign and malignant hepatic lesions.
   7. Explain how interventional procedures of the liver correlate with sonographic imaging.
   8. Understand basic scanning techniques to identify normal and abnormal liver anatomy.
7. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the gallbladder and biliary system.
   1. Outline normal anatomic structure of the gallbladder and biliary system.
   2. List gallbladder pathology identified with sonographic scanning.
   3. Understand the role of ultrasound in treatment options for gallbladder disease.
   4. Differentiate between benign and malignant biliary lesions.
   5. Correlate biliary disease processes with sonographic imaging.
   6. Identify rare biliary conditions encountered in clinical imaging.
   7. Recognize biliary obstruction and list causes for obstruction.
   8. Understand basic scanning techniques to identify normal and abnormal gallbladder and biliary anatomy.
8. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the pancreas.    
   1. Outline normal anatomic structure of the pancreas.
   2. Recognize congenital anomalies of the pancreas.
   3. Describe and identify inflammatory processes of the pancreas.
   4. Differentiate between benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas.
   5.  List differential diagnosis for pancreatic neoplasms.
   6. Understand basic scanning techniques to identify normal and abnormal pancreas anatomy.
9. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the urinary system.
   1. Understand embryology and development of the urinary system.
   2. Outline normal anatomic structure of the urinary system.
   3. Recognize congenital anomalies of the urinary system.
   4. Describe and recognize infectious processes of the urinary system.
   5. Recognize urinary stones and calcifications in clinical scanning.
   6. Differentiate between benign and malignant lesions of the urinary system.
   7. List and understand renal cystic disease.
   8. Describe the sonographic findings of the urinary system trauma.
   9. Identify vascular abnormalities of the urinary system.
   10. Explain medical diseases of the urinary system along with the sonographic findings.
   11. Identify a neurogenic bladder.
   12. Recognize a transplanted kidney and explain the sonographic findings.
   13. List medical complications seen with a transplanted kidney and their related sonographic findings.
   14. Understand the basic scanning techniques to identify normal and abnormal urinary anatomy.
10. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the retropeitoneum and great vessels.    
    1. Outline normal anatomy of the retroperitoneum.
    2. Recognize retroperitoneal pathology and differentiate between solid masses, fluid collections, and infections.
    3. Outline normal anatomy of the aorta.
    4. Recognize aorta pathology.
    5. List the three types of aortic aneurysms.
    6. Identify the branches of the aorta.
    7. Outline normal anatomy of the inferior vena cava.
    8. Recognize IVC pathology.
    9. Identify branches and tributaries of the IVC.
11. Understand the clinical lab values in relation to various disease processes and pathological conditions of the abdomen.
    1. Recognize appropriate lab tests to evaluate different organ systems.
    2. Correlate abnormal lab values with appropriate disease processes.
    3. Describe sonographic findings compared to specific abnormal lab values.
    4. Know how to find clinical data and labs in a patient's medical records.
12. Understand normal sonographic anatomy, as well as pathologic and disease processes of the retroperitoneum and great vessels.
    1. Outline normal anatomy of the retroperitoneum.
    2. Recognize retroperitoneal pathology and differentiate between solid masses, fluid collections, and infections.
    3. Outline normal anatomy of the aorta.
    4. Recognize aorta pathology.
    5. List the three types of aortic aneurysms.
    6. Identify the branches of the aorta.
    7. Outline normal anatomy of the Inferior vena cava.
    8.  Recognize IVC pathology.
    9. Identify branches and tributaries of the IVC.